Article

Received 12.02.2025

Revised 23.04.2025

Accepted 28.06.2025

Retrieved from Vol. 29, No. 1, 2025

Pages 44 -50

Kvatadze, A., & Stozhka, V. (2025). Integration of protective shelters into road infrastructure: a systematic review of international experience. The National Transport University Bulletin, 29(1), 44-50. https://doi.org/10.33744/2308-6645-2025-1-60-044-050

Integration of protective shelters into road infrastructure: a systematic review of international experience

A. Kvatadze Vitalii Stozhka

The article presents a systematic review of international experience in integrating protective shelters into road infrastructure based on case studies from Europe and Asia. The research analyses technical, structural, and behavioural aspects of implementing dual-purpose protective facilities, including the SWETO system, and assesses their potential adaptation to Ukrainian conditions. Special attention is paid to design challenges, economic feasibility, behavioural factors during evacuation, and accessibility of shelters for the population. Object of research – integration of protective shelters into transport infrastructure as part of the civil protection system. Purpose of the study to systematize international experience in implementing dual-purpose protective shelters within road infrastructure and identify ways of adapting these solutions to the Ukrainian context. Research methods. Analysis, comparison, systematization of international practices, generalization of technical and behavioural aspects, and a systems approach. The modern context of military threats requires reconsidering the role of transport infrastructure as a potential component of civil protection systems. International practice demonstrates that integrated shelters (SWETO, multifunctional tunnels, dual-purpose bunkers) can ensure rapid protection for the population without extensive new construction. Successful implementations have been recorded in Switzerland, Norway, South Korea, and China. The study highlights the relevance of modular shelters embedded into existing Ukrainian road facilities, taking into account technical, social, and regulatory factors

shelters; road structure; protective facilities; road tunnels; dual-purpose infrastructure; SWETO; highways

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https://doi.org/10.33744/2308-6645-2025-1-60-044-050