The National Transport University Bulletin

Abstract

The article examines the influence of the mass of the road train on the deformation of non-rigid road surfaces. The object of the research is road vehicles that are in operation. The research method is an analysis of the operation of passenger vehicles in different driving modes and their impact on the road surface. The purpose of the work is to determine measures to improve the efficiency of the use of vehicles and measure their impact on the road surface during operation. When operating passenger vehicles, the question of justifying the mass of these road trains and their impact on road wear during operation is relevant. When transporting a road train, the road surface is affected by many factors, the main of which are: the mass of the road train, road conditions and traffic mode. A significant part of economic costs for transport infrastructure is spent on maintaining the appropriate level of quality of the road surface, which is constantly deformed under the influence of the operation of motor vehicles. The larger the car or road train, the stronger its load on road wear during operation. This is especially relevant for large-sized passenger vehicles that create dynamic loads on the road, especially in the stop zone 75 and in front of traffic lights, which leads to rapid wear of the road surface, which will require major repairs in the future. Analyzing modern vehicles, we can come to the conclusion that, taking into account the method of drawing up equilibrium equations to determine the normal reactions of the road, they can be divided into: statically determined and statically indeterminate. Statically determined systems are inherent in two- and three-axle vehicles that have dependent wheel suspensions. For such systems, the general method of determining the normal reactions of the road to the wheels in the presence of dependent suspensions is based on the fact that the motor vehicle is conventionally divided into statically determined links along two axes. For them, corresponding systems of statics or dynamics equations are formed according to the d'Alembert principle with two unknown normal reactions. In the calculations, external forces and moments acting on the system are taken into account, it is possible to draw up the equilibrium equation of the system and determine the desired normal reactions of the road on the wheels of the axles in different modes of movement using the example of the modes of operation of the YMZ-T1 and DAK-217E trolleybuses. The automotive industry is constantly developing, all the time work is being carried out on the design of cars, which would allow optimizing the operational characteristics of units, aggregates and systems. To reduce the curb weight, it is necessary, first of all, to carefully analyze the layout scheme and mass characteristics of all units and aggregates, to widely use lightweight and high-strength materials. The results of the article can be used in the design and operation of cars

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