The National Transport University Bulletin

Abstract

The article examines the essence and principles of the formation of tariffs for freight transportation, substantiates the peculiarities of the formation of tariffs for various types of transport, and explains the nature of the influence of technical and operational indicators on the cost of transportation and tariffs. The object of the study is a group of factors that affect the tariff for a specific cargo transportation. The purpose of the research is to study the peculiarities of the formation of tariffs for various types of transport in order to increase the volume of services and increase the profitability and financial stability of the transport industry as a whole. The research method is monographic, analytical. In modern conditions, when forming tariffs for freight transportation, it is necessary to anticipate the presence of features that should affect the size of tariffs. It is necessary to consider not only the process of cargo transportation from the standpoint of technological requirements, the size of the shipment, the distance and the necessary time for transportation, but also taking into account the formed market situation, taking into account how the tariff will affect the final price of the product or service. To determine transport tariffs, the cost of transporting goods is usually taken as a basis, which depends not only on the direct costs of transportation, but also on the size of the cargo flow, its composition, direction of movement, type of transport, etc. The cost of transportation and, accordingly, the transport tariff are affected by two groups of factors. The peculiarity of freight transportation pricing is that the efficiency of vehicles largely depends on the use of rolling stock by consignors and consignees. Therefore, it is necessary to provide for measures when setting tariffs that stimulate the increase in the degree of utilization of the carrying capacity and capacity of rolling stock. Products of the transport industry cannot be stored in a warehouse, therefore it is necessary to create certain capacity reserves, the costs of which should be taken into account in the cost of transport products, i.e. in transport tariffs.

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