The National Transport University Bulletin

Abstract

The purpose of the work is a presentation of an objective information on the increase in the concentrations of pollutants under different driving modes of a car. The research method is an experimental determination of the characteristics of changes in the concentrations of pollutants in the exhaust gases of a car engine. The tests were carried out while the car was driving on general purpose city roads, depending on the road situation, and simulating the car's movement in urban and suburban driving cycle modes. The nature of changes in the concentrations of pollutants in exhaust gases depends on the engine load during the period of the car's movement. An increase in the load during the acceleration period leads to an increase in the concentrations of carbon oxides and hydrocarbons. This is especially clearly observed in the load characteristic of the engine. At the same time, an increase in the concentration of nitrogen oxides is observed during long-term driving at high speeds, which is typical for suburban operating conditions. Most of the parameters that characterize the movement of a car with a gasoline engine are obtained by direct measurement on modern equipment. According to the results of experimental studies, it was found that reducing the concentration of pollutants is achieved by increasing the relative density of driving modes with a constant speed, increasing the coasting of the car when approaching regulated intersections, which is accompanied by the operation of the car engine in the mode of active idling. Also, the increase in concentrations of pollutants depends on the thermal state of the car engine. A decrease of the engine coolant temperature also leads to an increase in emissions of pollutants with exhaust gases.

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