Article

Received 08.02.2026

Revised 25.05.2026

Accepted 25.06.2026

Published 06.07.2026

Retrieved from Vol. 30, No. 2, 2026

Pages 65 -72

Danileiko, Ye. (2026). Mechanism for balancing freight flows between international road border crossing points under conditions of uneven border infrastructure utilisation. The National Transport University Bulletin, 30(2), 65-72. https://doi.org/10.33744/2308-6645-2026-2-30-65-72

Mechanism for balancing freight flows between international road border crossing points under conditions of uneven border infrastructure utilisation

Yelyzaveta Danileiko*

lizadanil@gmail.com

The structural transformation of international transport flows after 2022 resulted in a disproportionate distribution of transport demand across Ukraine’s international road border crossing points (IRBCPs), leading to congestion at certain crossing points and prolonged queues. The aim of this article was to substantiate a mechanism for balancing freight flows between international road border crossing points in order to improve the efficiency of international freight transport under conditions of uneven utilisation of border infrastructure. The methodological framework of the study was based on queueing theory (a multi-channel M/G/s system with the Allen-Cunneen approximation), combined with scenario analysis and normalised multi-criteria assessment methods. To ensure the reproducibility of the results, a separate methodological section was included to justify the procedure for determining all key model parameters (λ, μ, s, cₐ, cₛ). The article investigated the problem of uneven utilisation of Ukraine’s international road border crossing points under conditions of the structural transformation of international transport flows. It has been established that changes in the geography of foreign trade routes have led to an imbalance in the utilisation of border infrastructure, resulting in the systematic overloading of certain border crossing points. An adaptive mechanism for balancing freight flows between IRBCPs based on an integral efficiency criterion has been developed. A dedicated methodology section has been introduced to justify the procedure for obtaining the model parameters. The results of the scenario modelling confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed approach, reducing the utilisation factor (ρ) of the Krakovets-Korczowa IRBCP from 1.05 to 0.63-0.74 and decreasing the average queue waiting time (Wq) from more than 72 hours to 2.3-7.2 hours. The proposed mechanism enables the prompt redistribution of freight flows between IRBCPs without requiring capital investment in border infrastructure, thereby significantly reducing the economic losses incurred by freight carriers as a result of prolonged delays at the border

transport and technological process; M/G/s; queueing theory; logistics; e-Queue; digitalisation
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https://doi.org/10.33744/2308-6645-2026-2-30-65-72