Article

Received 18.03.2022

Revised 14.07.2022

Accepted 22.08.2022

Retrieved from Vol. 26, No. 3, 2022

Pages 231 -239

Lisoval, А., & Humenchuk, М. (2022). Prospects and stages of biogas application in energy and transport of Ukraine. The National Transport University Bulletin, 26(3), 231-239. https://doi.org/10.33744/2308-6645-2022-3-53-231-239

Prospects and stages of biogas application in energy and transport of Ukraine

А. Lisoval М. Humenchuk

In the article, based on existing global trends, legislative incentives for climate-friendly development of economic sectors, the place of biogas as a raw material and motor fuel in the decarbonization of energy and transport in Ukraine is substantiated. To reduce greenhouse gas emissions, most countries are making the transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources. In EU countries, renewable energy with a Green Deal label was equated with energy obtained from the combustion of natural gas. In Ukraine, biomethane is legally enshrined as an alternative gas fuel similar to natural gas. The raw material for biomethane is biogas. In Ukraine, biomethane is not produced on an industrial scale due to the lack of special purification and enrichment technologies at biogas stations. In Ukraine, it is necessary to start producing biomethane on an industrial scale and use the natural gas infrastructure for transporting biomethane. A existing quantity and quality of treatment technologies of biogas plants allow the use of biogas as an independent fuel in cogeneration plants in the immediate vicinity of biogas plants. Calculation of the heat balance of the drive gas engine (8-cylinder, 100 mm cylinder diameter, 88 mm stroke) showed that in addition to generating 30 kW of electrical energy, it is possible to obtain additionally up to 162 MJ of thermal energy without taking heat from the lubrication system. When generating only electrical energy, the efficiency installation in nominal mode is about 30 %, and with cogeneration – it increases to 75 %. The next step is – the use of biogas as an additive to natural gas in reciprocating internal combustion engines on cars, buses and special agricultural machinery at the local or regional level. The results of tests of the gas ICE ensured the transition from quantitative to qualitative regulation of the fuel mixture of natural gas with biogas additives. For mixed fuel, a coupled control algorithm has been developed. With an increase in load, the share of biogas decreases, the mixture is enriched with natural gas. At a load of 75% or more, the enrichment of the fuel mixture occurs more intensively.

internal combustion engine; gas piston engine; bio methane; greenhouse gases; gas composition regulation
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https://doi.org/10.33744/2308-6645-2022-3-53-231-239